It was for me the threat put on my children is the thing I suffered the most. Because you are supposed, as an adult, to protect your children. And I and my husband were not able to do it. Fortunately, we have a big family. The family are very, very supportive. And sometimes, I didn´t have something to give them to eat. It was until this– this limit.
And my family and the family of my husband took my children and bring them and give them something to eat. Because we are prevented to have– during, as I told you, six year, no single income for my husband and for me. And nobody has the right to support us. Because they are punished. People– when we cross people on the street, they are afraid to say hello. Because if they say it, because we were surrounded on a daily basis, with a staff of policemen. And these policemen are not mainly for us. Because once, you are afraid, second time, a bit. Third time, you are used to see them. And your fear disappears.
But they were staying around us, in front of our house, in front of any place we go. And they are following us in a visible way. They are not hidden. And the aim the goal was to put us in quarantine. Anybody who can say hello, we will persecute him, he will be put in custody. They will beat him or her, until they understood– they understand we never have to say hello to such people.
And you are out of the society, out of the normal life. You are in quarantine. And for my children, it was very, very hard. Because you know, if you are a boy of 14 years or at the time, the second was ten years. And my girl was six, I guess. I don´t remember exactly.
And you are prevented to have friends. Your friends, when they come at home, their parents are beaten. They are persecuted because they are collaborating with a bad family. And then, after some years– after some months, not years, my children do not have any friend. And they are suffering from that. And they´re telling why we are not like the others. Why we are in such position?
And it´s a way to say you are not doing the right job to protect us. And that you do not have answer. You can´t say anything, because police are there. If you open the windows in the morning, you have the face of the policeman inside the window every day, every day. And they are, of course, they ring our phone when it is not cut at all. They are cutting our internet connection. They are preventing us to have any kind of communication with the others. Because they know what we are doing is collecting information, putting this information in an alert, and spreading out these alerts on the violation.
And we are not talking about us. We are talking about the other. Because what we suffered is something less than other opponents suffered from this regime. The Islamists were the main people who suffered from that. And they did something very, very bad. They rape their women. They harassed and persecuted children. They prevent some children to go to school. They are arresting in custody minors.
I think they are proud of Mommy and Papa. I think my children are proud of what we did because they know today that we contributed a little to this freedom we are benefitting from right now.
Sihem Bensedrine was born in 1950. She studied at the University of Toulouse Le Mirail in France, from which she holds a degree in philosophy. Upon her return to Tunisia in 1977, she began work as a journalist, and became known as a critic of the regime.
As one of the most prominent Tunisian human rights activists, she paid a high price for her views. The regime continually harassed her and her family, pressuring employers to fire her, applying financial pressure, and slandering her in the media. Bensedrine’s family was under constant surveillance, received death threats, and was at times not allowed to travel outside the country. Due to these threats, she spent years as an exile, continuing to speak out on human rights and democracy issues in her homeland.
In 1998, she cofounded the National Council for Liberties in Tunisia (CNLT). In 1999, she launched the “Kalima” website, which reported on conditions inside the country. Kalima later expanded to satellite radio broadcasting. She also cofounded the Observatory for Defense of Freedom of the Press, Publishing and Creation (OLPEC).
Bensidrine returned to Tunisia as the demonstrations against the Ben Ali regime gathered steam. She continues to advocate for freedom of the press and other human rights as Tunisia transitions to a new democratic system of government.
Tunisia is situated on the Mediterranean coastline. It has a population of fewer than 11 million people and is the smallest nation in North Africa in land area. In 2010 and 2011, it became the first of the Arab countries to revolt against decades of dictatorial rule, launching the Arab Spring and a wave of change across the region. Tunisia has a developing economy, focused largely on agriculture, tourism, and light industry.
Tunisia has been settled since ancient times. In the 10th century B.C., it was part of the Phoenician Empire. The city of Carthage, near the modern capital of Tunis, was established in the 9th century B.C. In 149 B.C., the Roman Empire conquered the Phoenicians. Islam was introduced to what is now Tunisia in the 7th century A.D., and the area formed part of the Ottoman Empire for centuries. In 1881, Tunisia became a protectorate of France. A strong French cultural element continues to this day.
In 1956, Habib Bourguiba led Tunisia to independence from France. His political party, later known as the Constitutional Democratic Rally, went on to dominate Tunisian politics for more than 50 years. Bourguiba’s Tunisia was a largely secular state and was viewed as one of the most progressive in the Arab world on women’s issues. In 1987, Bourguiba was replaced in a “bloodless coup” by his prime minister, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali. Ben Ali continued many of Bourguiba’s policies, but ruled with an increasingly heavy hand. The Ben Ali regime was repressive and corrupt, with a dismal human rights record. The regime showed little tolerance for dissent, and lashed out at opposition voices in politics, civil society, and the media.
The Tunisian Revolution began in December 2010, when Mohamed Bouazizi, a young street vendor, set himself on fire in protest over harassment by a local official. Bouazizi’s act led to mass demonstrations across the country, protesting the lack of human rights, poor economic conditions, and corruption and nepotism in the Ben Ali regime. On January 14, 2011, Ben Ali stepped down and fled the country. On October 23, 2011, Tunisia held its first free elections, forming a Constituent Assembly to draft a new constitution and lead the country to general elections. The role of religion in society is among the most important issues facing the assembly and country.
Under the interim Constituent Assembly, Tunisia has experienced considerable political upheaval, but has begun to consolidate its democracy. There is a major fault line between Islamist and secular political forces. In 2013, several political assassinations resulted in widespread protests and demonstrators calling for the nation’s Islamist-led government to be removed. In January of 2014, after two years of debate, the Constituent Assembly ratified the nation’s new constitution. The constitution is considered progressive for the nation and has many human rights guarantees. With the ratification of the constitution, elections are scheduled for autumn 2014.
Freedom House’s 2013 Freedom in the World report categorized Tunisia as “partly free”. The nation received the following ratings on a scale with one being the most free and seven being the least: 3.5 as an overall freedom rating, a four in civil liberties and a three in political rights. Tunisia’s Internet and press were also categorized as “partly free” in subsequent Freedom House reports.
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